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Articles by Sam Rutherford

Third Circuit Announces Claim of Innocence Does Not Resolve Whether Defendant Would Have Accepted Plea Offer Absent Counsel’s Error and Holds Counsel Ineffective for Failing to Properly Advise Defendant About Mandatory Sentences If Plea Offer Rejected

by Sam Rutherford

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit granted a federal prisoner’s habeas petition where his trial attorney failed to properly advise him of the mandatory sentences he would receive if he rejected the Government’s plea offer and proceeded to trial, holding that such misinformation constituted ...

Kansas Supreme Court Announces Defendant-Witness Retains Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Compelled Self-Incrimination After Guilty Plea and Sentencing as Long as Testimony Sought Presents Legitimate Risk of Incrimination

by Sam Rutherford

The Supreme Court of Kansas held that a defendant’s privilege against compelled self-incrimination concerning his alleged criminal conduct survived his guilty plea and sentences for that alleged offense where legal avenues remained open to the defendant to challenge the guilty plea. The Court therefore vacated a judgment ...

First Circuit Holds Government Breached Plea Agreement by Implicitly Arguing for Upward Variant Sentence by Including Pictures and Video of Defendant That Allegedly Depict His Criminal Tendencies in Sentencing Memo

by Sam Rutherford

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit held that the Government implicitly breached its plea agreement with the defendant where it agreed to recommend a sentence no higher than the top-end of the sentencing Guidelines range by submitting a sentencing memorandum detailing the defendant’s criminal ...

California Supreme Court Announces Retroactivity of 2022 Version of Penal Code § 1170 to Upper-Term Sentences Imposed Before Its Enactment

by Sam Rutherford

The California Supreme Court held that the 2022 amendments to Penal Code § 1170, which limits a trial court’s ability to impose an upper-term sentence unless it finds aggravating factors justify the sentence and also requires that those aggravating factors either be stipulated to by the defendant or ...

Colorado Supreme Court Announces When Deciding Defendant’s Pro Se Motion Requesting Counsel on Postconviction Review, Trial Court Must Either Deny Entire Motion or Permit All Claims If Any Have Arguable Merit

by Sam Rutherford

The Supreme Court of Colorado issued an opinion defining the scope of a defendant’s pro se Crim. P. 35(c) motion containing a request for counsel on postconviction review, holding that the trial court has only two choices: (1) determine none of the claims has arguable merit and ...

Ninth Circuit Holds District Courts Have No Authority Under Rule 4 of Rules Governing § 2254 Cases to Dismiss Habeas Petition on the Merits

by Sam Rutherford

The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit delineated the scope of U.S. District Courts’ authority to summarily dismiss a state prisoner’s habeas corpus petition under Rule 4 of the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases in the U.S. District Courts (“Rule 4”), holding that the U.S. ...

Scent of Death Evidence Admitted at Indiana Murder Trial

by Sam Rutherford

In May 2024, John Hallett, 54, of Michigan City was found guilty of murdering his roommate and then dismembering the body. Prosecutors obtained the conviction by relying on novel “scent of death” evidence to prove Hallett had stored the remains in his basement before throwing them in ...

Washington Supreme Court Declines to Expand Scope of Attenuation Doctrine Under State Constitution and Reverses Murder Conviction Based on Unlawfully Seized

by Sam Rutherford

The Supreme Court of Washington clarified the scope of the attenuation doctrine under Article I, § 7 of the Washington Constitution, holding that the doctrine applies only when an event supersedes the original tainted police conduct to produce new evidence used in a warrant application but not when ...

Maryland Supreme Court Announces New Constitutional Rule Requiring Voir Dire Questions Related to Child-Witness Credibility and Abrogates Prior Inconsistent Case Law

by Sam Rutherford

The Supreme Court of Maryland announced a new rule of constitutional law permitting defendants to ask potential jurors during jury selection whether they are predisposed to believe or disbelieve a child-witness whenever (1) grounds exist to reasonably conclude that jurors may be more or less likely to ...

California Court of Appeal Announces Postconviction Discovery Permitted in Resentencing Under Penal Code § 1172.6 for Felony Murder and Natural and Probable Consequences Murder Convictions

by Sam Rutherford

The Court of Appeal of California, Second Appellate District, held that defendants are entitled to conduct discovery in preparation for an evidentiary hearing held in response to a petition for resentencing pursuant to Penal Code former §1170.95 (now § 1172.6).

Leonardo Garcia was convicted of second-degree murder and ...

 

 

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