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Second Circuit Announces Categorical Approach Applies to State Convictions for Sentencing Enhancement Determination Under 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(B)
by Matt Clarke
On June 8, 2020, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit announced that federal courts are directed to use the categorical approach “to identify felony drug offenses for sentencing enhancement purposes …,” rather than a circumstance-specific analysis, and vacated a drug defendant’s sentence and remanded ...
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More from this issue:
- State Violence, Legitimacy, and the Path to True Public Safety, by David M. Kennedy
- Floyd’s Family Might End Up Helping Pay Chauvin’s Retirement Benefits, by Kevin Bliss
- How the Courts Are Using Compassionate Release to Fix Unfair Sentences, by Dale Chappell
- Seventh Circuit: ‘Especially Compelling Justification’ Required for Same Maximum Sentence on Resentencing, by Dale Chappell
- Seventh Circuit: Admissions to Pretrial Services Cannot Be Used to Prove Guilt, by Dale Chappell
- The Warrior Cop Mindset, by Edward Lyon
- SCOTUS: Counsel’s Failure to Uncover and Present Evidence in Mitigation at Capital Sentencing Requires Remand for Prejudice Determination, by Douglas Ankney
- Indiana Supreme Court: Forcing Defendant to Unlock Smartphone Violates Fifth Amendment Right Against Self-Incrimination, by Douglas Ankney
- California Supreme Court: ‘Honest and Upright Life’ Possible While in Custody for Expungement Purposes, by Anthony Accurso
- Seventh Circuit Explains ‘Conduct That is Part of Common Scheme or Plan’ for Sentencing Purposes, by Douglas Ankney
- Third Circuit: District Court Must Personally Address Defendant During Sentencing, by Douglas Ankney
- Police Body Cams Are not a Cure-All, by Edward Lyon
- Hawai’i Supreme Court Announces Police Officers May Not Testify That Driver Appeared Intoxicated, Overruling Toyomura, by Douglas Ankney
- Activists Seek Accountability by Pushing NYC to Make Footage From Traffic Cams Available for Archiving, by Douglas Ankney
- FBI Expands Ability to Surveil Social Media and Cellphone Location Data, by Douglas Ankney
- SCOTUS Announces Large Portion of Oklahoma Remains Tribal Land in Which State Lacks Jurisdiction to Try Native Americans, by Douglas Ankney
- California Court of Appeal Holds Canizales Decision Limiting Kill Zone Theory Applies Retroactively, by Matthew Clarke
- Nationwide Police Misconduct Database Available to Public, by Kevin Bliss
- Sixth Circuit: Prosecutor’s Improper Comments and Counsel’s Failure to Object Require New Trial, by Dale Chappell
- Wrongfully Convicted Virginians Now Have Chance to Prove Innocence Due to Amendments to Writ of Actual Innocence, by Douglas Ankney
- Second Circuit: Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act Applies on Per-Offender, not Per-Count Basis, by David Reutter
- Fourth Circuit: Sentencing Procedurally Unreasonable Where Special Condition Not Explained and Mitigation Argument Not Addressed, by Matthew Clarke
- Hawai’i Supreme Court: Showing Jury Video of Defendant Declining Officer’s Request to Reenact Crime Violates Right to Remain Silent, by Douglas Ankney
- The Power of Filming Police, by Jayson Hawkins
- Extending the Surveillance State During the Pandemic, by Anthony Accurso
- Georgia Supreme Court: Counsel’s Failure to Inform Defendant of Absolute Right to Withdraw Plea Prior to Sentencing Ineffective Assistance, by David Reutter
- Second Circuit Announces Categorical Approach Applies to State Convictions for Sentencing Enhancement Determination Under 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(B), by Matthew Clarke
- Guard Your Digital Privacy to Keep Your Real Self Safe, by Anthony Accurso
- Congress Unsure of Internet Data Collected by Government as PATRIOT Act Heads for Reauthorization, by Dale Chappell
- What to Do if You’re Pepper-Sprayed, by Dale Chappell
- After a Decade of Fighting, The Last Resort Exoneration Project Finally Frees Two Wrongfully Convicted of Murder, by Michael Fortino, Ph.D
- Tenth Circuit Vacates Conviction, Rules Waiver of Trial Counsel Not Knowingly Made, by Dale Chappell
- Colorado Supreme Court: Plea Proviso in § 18-1-409(1) Doesn’t Bar Appeal on Manner in Which Sentence Imposed, by David Reutter
- Sixth Circuit Grants Habeas Relief for Defendant Shackled During Murder Trial Without On-the-Record Justification, by David Reutter
- New York Police Continue Pattern of Arrests of Low-Level Crime During COVID-19 Crisis, by Derek Gilna
- Report: Attorney Appointment a ‘Pay For Play’ Arrangement in Texas County, by Kevin Bliss
- Hawai’i Supreme Court: Dog Sniff Unrelated to Initial Traffic Stop Requires Suppression of Evidence, by Dale Chappell
- Hawai’i Supreme Court Announces Trial Courts Have Duty to Obtain Knowing and Voluntary Waiver of Penal-Responsibility Defense, by Douglas Ankney
- Colorado Supreme Court Announces Framework for Distinguishing True Threat From Protected Speech Communicated Online, by Douglas Ankney
- Tenth Circuit: Confession Involuntary Where FBI Agent Falsely Claimed to Be in Contact With Judge, and Defendant Could Shorten Sentence With Each Truthful Answer, by Douglas Ankney
- Minn. Supreme Court Announces Rule for Analyzing Out-of-State Convictions for Public Safety Registry Requirement Purposes, by Anthony Accurso
- Seventh Circuit Holds First Step Act Applies to All Crack Offenses ‘As a Whole,’ Regardless of Crack Amounts, by Dale Chappell
- Kentucky Supreme Court: Trial Court’s Ex Parte Discussion With Juror About Offered Bribe Was Structural Error, by Douglas Ankney
- Ban the Box not Applicable to COVID-19 Stimulus Aid, by Edward Lyon
- Six eyewitnesses misidentified a murderer – here’s what went wrong in the lineup, by Laura Smalarz
- Tear Gas: Soldiers Prohibited From Using It in Warfare but Cops Using It Against Peaceful Protesters, by Douglas Ankney
- The Lunacy of Qualified Immunity, by Edward Lyon
- I Cover Cops as an Investigative Reporter. Here Are Five Ways You Can Start Holding Your Department Accountable., by Andrew Ford
- Problems With Predictive Policing, by Jayson Hawkins
- News in Brief
More from Matthew Clarke:
- Law Review Article Reports Metadata on Victims of Coercive Plea Bargaining, Sept. 1, 2024
- California Court of Appeal Announces Correct Legal Standard for Whether Dismissal of Sentence Enhancement Would ‘Endanger Public Safety’ Under § 1385(c)(2) Is Dangerousness at Time of Future Release, Not at Time of Resentencing Under SB 1393, Sept. 1, 2024
- New Mexico Supreme Court Holds Double Jeopardy Applies When Prosecutor’s Misconduct Willfully Disregarded Resulting Mistrial, Sept. 1, 2024
- After Spike in Jail Deaths, Riverside County Sheriff’s Department Under California Department of Justice Investigation, Aug. 15, 2024
- $7.5 Million Settlement in Suit Over California Jail Death, Aug. 15, 2024
- Oregon Transgender Prisoner Claims Abusive Violation of Injunction, but Court Declines Sanctions, Aug. 15, 2024
- Kentucky Parole Officer Gets Three Years for Sexually Assaulting Probationers, Aug. 15, 2024
- Louisiana Supreme Court Finds Prosecution Withheld Favorable Impeachment and Exculpatory Evidence in Violation of Brady, Aug. 1, 2024
- New York Court of Appeals Announces ‘Due Diligence’ Is Applicable Standard for Certificate of Compliance Regarding Discovery Obligations and Trial Readiness, Improper Certificate Is ‘Illusory” and Fails to Toll Speedy Trial Clock, July 15, 2024
- Surveillance Tech Companies Compose Self-Promoting Press Releases for Cops That Media Lazily Regurgitates, July 15, 2024
More from these topics:
- First Circuit Holds Government Breached Plea Agreement With Defendant by Failing to Explain Why It Agreed to Substantial Downward-Variant Sentence, Sept. 1, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Sentencing Goals/Purposes/Practices, Plea Agreements/Guilty Pleas.
- First Circuit: District Court’s One-Sentence Explanation for 10-Year Upward Departure From Sentencing Guidelines Range Insufficient to Justify Significant Variance, Aug. 1, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Sentences - Adjustments and Departures.
- SCOTUS: Jury, Not Judge, Must Determine Whether Defendant’s Prior Offenses Were Committed on ‘Occasions Different From One Another’ for Enhanced Sentence Under Armed Career Criminal Act, Aug. 1, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Career Offenders, De Facto Career Offender, Guns - Type of.
- First Circuit: Sentencing May Not Be Based Upon Unreliable Hearsay Testimony, Aug. 1, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Unreliable and Unsubstantiated Assertions, Hearsay Evidence.
- Tenth Circuit Announces Assault Conviction Under 18 U.S.C. § 113(a)(6) Not a Qualifying Predicate ‘Crime of Violence’ for Purposes of USSG § 2K2.1(a)(3), July 15, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Physical Force, Use of, Predicate Acts/Offenses.
- Federal Sentencing Guidelines Place Heavy Burden on Incarcerated Victims of Sexual Assaults, July 1, 2024. Staff-Prisoner Assault, U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Prison Rape Elimination Act.
- U.S. Sentencing Commission Votes Unanimously to Restrict Use of Acquitted Conduct at Sentencing, June 15, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Acquitted Conduct/Uncharged Crimes/Dismissed Counts, Uncharged Crimes and Acquitted Conduct, Degree of connection to charged crimes.
- Fourth Circuit: Maryland’s First-Degree Assault Statute Is Indivisible so Conviction Is Not an ACCA Predicate for Sentencing Enhancement Purposes, May 15, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Career Offenders, Recidivist Enhancements.
- Seventh Circuit Announces Safety Valve Relief Under § 3553(f) Is Narrower Than Guidelines Firearms Enhancement Under § 2D1.1(b)(1), District Court Erred by Conflating Them, May 15, 2024. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Possession or Use of Firearms, Vicarious Liability, Safety Valve.
- Over 5,000 Prisoners Federally Sentenced Every Month, May 1, 2024. Criminal Prosecution, Statistics/Trends, U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, Bureau of Prisons (BOP).